Literature
- Cairns, S.D. & H. Zibrowius 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippine and Indonesian Regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 172(2): 27-243, 29 plates.
- Cairns, S.D. 1989. A revision of the Ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and Adjacent Waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 136 pages, 42 plates, 3 figures.